# Adir BaMurom — Chapter 8: Atik Yomin and Arikh Anpin — The Two Primordial Countenances and Their Nature Source: https://ajew.org/reader/ramchal-adir-bamuroam/1/8 ## Segment 1
אותיות של הוי׳׳ה אהי׳׳ה אדנ׳׳י . ,6ויש הפרש גדול ב ץ תיקון לתיקון,
Know: there are TWO NAMES for Arikh Anpin — one is Atika, and one is Arikh Anpin. And I will tell you the difference between the two. And the truth is: all these names are according to the tikkunim he is rectified with for the benefit of those below. He is called ZAKEN [elder/ancient] from the aspect of being more distanced from the governance of those below — and more drawn toward the root. But ARIKH is called according to his illumination. And the secret of the matter: Arikh has in his face 370 lights — unlike Ze'ir Anpin who only has 100 lights in his face. Thus Arikh exceeds Ze'ir Anpin by 220 lights — and therefore he is called Arech apayim [long of face] — which Rashbi explained as urdeka de-anpin [the lengthening of the face]. ## Segment 2
. 16עי׳קיצור הכתות עם׳ל׳־ז ,בכונת הטבילה של ע־ ש.
And you must know: every place where we see an opening in the body — so above the inner light breaks through and comes out. And the body clothes itself within the garments — and the face remains above them. And the secret: the upper partzuf in a hidden way clothes itself in the lower and becomes its soul — but the face illuminates outward in revelation. And both illuminations are needed — for each one performs a distinct operation. And what the body does — is revealed and known through the illumination of the face outward. And the number of illuminations in the face depends on the totality of the governances of the enclothed body. ## Segment 3
— עמוד 30 —
And the totality of what Arikh Anpin does in the inner dimension of the partzufim is revealed in the face's illumination — encompassed in these 370 [Shin-Ayin = 370]. And of Ze'ir Anpin in his 100 [Kuf-Nun = 150 lights] ## Segment 4
ש"ע ק"ן
And know: TIFERES — which is the secret of YAAKOV — is the particular luminary that has the quality to draw this spreading for the sake of the souls — and all this spreading is from his aspect. And the Torah was given from Sinai which is the Yesod of Imma — for from there it goes out as above — in the secret of Yesod of Imma completing itself in Tiferes. And I will tell you a great secret: how the spreading of the Torah is all in the secret of Yaakov and the Tribes. II. THE NAME OF ATIK AND THE GREAT TEACHING ON CREATION (§§12–12b, pp. 341–397). The Name of Atik Yomin is hidden throughout Torah except at the Akeidah, where bi nishba'ti ne'um Hashem reveals that Atik IS the inner secret of HVYH itself; the complete teaching on the Tzimtzum and the Kav; Torah preceded the world by 2000 years [= the YH before the VH]; the world first created with Din then with Rachamim; BEREISHIS = Torah; the Patriarchs as cosmic forces [Avraham = Kav = 248 = Chesed; Yitzchak = Reshimu rectified; Yaakov = lights breaking through]; Esav and Yishmael; Moshe = Shem MaH; the 70 nations from the Nikkudos; Mashiach ben Yosef and Mashiach ben Dovid; NACHASH = MASHIACH in gematria — Mashiach binds the klippos as head controls tail; the Nose of Arikh Anpin as Malchus of the head-tikkunim; the two breaths: one for ZA now, one reserved for Mashiach; the four lights of the Nose flaring into the Great Sea [Dikna]; the Four Kingdoms of Daniel [Bavel/Paras-Madai/Yavan/Edom]; Atik Yomin sitting on the Dikna of Arikh — "when Atik sits upon it, it is subdued; the one who rides controls." ## Segment 5
אל"ף למ"ד
And now I will explain the matter of the 370 LIGHTS. Know: there are TWO NAMES for Arikh Anpin — ATIKA and ARIKH ANPIN. Arikh is called according to his illumination. For in Arikh's face there are 370 lights — unlike Ze'ir Anpin who only has 150 lights. Arikh exceeds Ze'ir Anpin by 220 — and therefore is called ARECH APAYIM [long of face] — which Rashbi explained as udka de-anpin [the lengthening of the face]. And the EL in illuminating through the face — divides into TWO — for the face is two in the secret of tarein tapuchin [two apples]. And it must illuminate in all the face. And this is the secret of TWO EL-NAMES in their full spelling: ALEPH-LAMED — ALEPH-LAMED-PEIM — which together total 370. And in these 370 all particulars of governance are encompassed — for all of them flow toward this ultimate purpose. Chapter 7 of Adir BaMurom is the longest and most profound chapter in the entire work — the Ramchal's masterpiece: a complete systematic exposition of the second half of the Idra Rabba, from the continuation of the Eye of Arikh Anpin through the final closing of the Idra. It spans pages 116–488 of the printed text (373 pages) and covers seven major thematic arcs: III. THE RUACH OF MASHIACH, FREE CHOICE, AND THE SIN OF ADAM (§13, pp. 398–440). The Ruach of Mashiach was created before the world and all human tikkunim depend on it; everything Mashiach will do — Adam HaRishon could have done on the day he was created; his sin only lengthened the time; the two trees = two paths to the same ultimate point; the Tree of Life = immediate direct path; the Tree of Knowledge = the long path of exile and tikkun; the secret of Free Choice — G-d is the ultimate good and even evil must return to good; judgment by free choice enables this without coercion [= the shame of "bread not one's own"]; ROSH and SOFA [beginning and end] — the Unity of the Emitter is equally present in both; 7th millennium = revelation of Sofa; 8th millennium = equalization of Rosh and Sofa = "Hashem Echad u-Shemo Echad"; the Tzimtzum at the center of all infinite light — when its opposite [evil] is revealed as identical to the Blessed One, His unity is clarified completely; SHEM and KINUY: ELOHIM is the cognomen concealing HVYH — all evil is only a concealment that hides the inner good; nine Heichalos; the Pargod between Keter and Chochma; Gan Eden's plants = 613 commandments. ## Segment 6
אֵשְׁדָּת לָמוֹ
And this EL in the secret of Arikh Anpin itself makes 310 WORLDS — and spreads further in 310 worlds in Abba and Imma — who divide in the secret of: "acquire wisdom — acquire understanding" [Proverbs 4:5]. And in encompassing both these 310s — it is called YAISH — which is the secret of Atika. And YAISH is the secret of KESER — for 620 pillars of light = the gematria of YAISH. And thus the totality of governance is in the secret of the Torah — and in this secret the tikkun is accomplished. I. THE EYE OF ARIKH ANPIN (§§1–11b, pp. 116–340). The five senses as breaking-through points of light; the Reshimu as vessel and the Kav as light; the three white hues [chivorin]; how ZA's eye has no illumination except from AA's; the Mikveh's three aspects [40 Se'ah / 9 Kabin / 3 Lugin] as the sweetening of the Eye's Gevuros; wine becoming water; chachlili einayim mi-yayin; the double bonding of ZA with AA drawing Imma's milk to wash ZA's eyes; the third white hue sending illumination downward to all six extremities; tov ayin hu yivorach — the blessing going out from the goodly eye; yiras ha-romemus vs. yiras ha-onesh; hineh lo yanum ve-lo yishan shomer Yisroel — 60 letters of Birkas Kohanim as the protection of the All. IV. THE PARGOD, THE NINE HEICHALOS, AND THE 42 PAIRINGS (§13b, pp. 441–460). The Pargod [brain membrane] is born from Chochma's pursuit of Keter — it is the root of all screens between all levels; its shape = the letter Aleph [two Yuds facing a Resh]; nine Heichalos as root of Atzilus; three illumination levels [Keter = sealed Kamatz; Chochma = Patzach = opened; Bina = the Mouth/Peh]; mati ve-lo mati — in the reaching aspect things are known; in the not-reaching aspect all gathers in Unity; the 42 pairings through the seven Heichalos of BIY"A; the Korbanos ascending from below, connecting Kavod to Atzilus and Atzilus to Ayn Sof. ## Segment 7
לא נתקן שוס תיקון וההתחלות קשות .ואחר כך די חדשים ,כי הוא יותר
V. THE EIGHT EDOMITE KINGS (§13b cont., pp. 460–488). Each of the eight Malchin Kadma'in [primordial kings] in Bereishis 36 corresponds to a stage in the world's governance: BELA = the sealed mouth of Bina / chesron ha-da'as / reward and punishment; YOVAV = the trembling voices [ro'esh] / Shevarim-Teruah / all worldly hardship; CHUSHAM = the senses / 2000 years of Tohu / materialist blindness to Providence; HADAD = Tiferes breaking / the domain of SA's unchecked power / ultimately destroyed; SAMLAH from MASREKAH = the nations as fallen garments of Jewish souls / Mashiach as the folding Vav completing for the later generations / Chirik→Shuruk→Cholam at redemption; SHAUL from RECHOVOS HA-NAHAR = Yesod / Torah-joy through revelation to others / David inheriting and completing this; BAAL-CHANAN = times of expansiveness vs. sealing of lights / the tzaddik-mouse and the evil-mouse; HADAR = the general tikkun of all the Breaking / ZU"N united / TZEDEK + YaK = HADAR / Ruach HaKodesh from Malchus — the final governance. ## Segment 8
בכלל ,וגם שכבר נתקן תיקון בתחלה תקל להשלים.
VI. SOULS, GARMENTS, AND MASHIACH'S FOLDING (§§13b–14). Before Adam's sin, all souls were to be Israel and the nations only their outer garments; after the sin the garments fell; Mashiach stands at the "fold" between the earlier and later generations, completing for those who could not complete for themselves; the Tzaddik = Yesod = the giver to the Nukva; Torah-joy = the flaming of the 231 gates when Torah is revealed to others; Yerushalayim = City of Tzedek; Tzedek + YaK = Hadar = the final king = the final tikkun. ## Segment 9
והנה זה התיקון עצמו הולך למקום אחר גם כן ,והוא ענין המשכת
VII. THE METAPHYSICS OF THE EMITTER (§§13–13b). Woven throughout the chapter's final arc: the Keter is the first emanation and may not be investigated [only from Chochma downward]; the sefirot are the Emitter's attributes as they relate to those below; there are nine upper Heichalos and seven lower Heichalos; the ultimate reward of souls is endless new comprehension of the Infinite; the blessed Emitter desired that even the evil of exile shall be revealed as good — so that in the end not merely "the illness passed" but the illness itself is transformed into the healing. ## Segment 10
החוט שאמרנו ,שהיה צריך לימשך עד שיתלבש בנשמות ישראל ,וכבר
1 The Pargod as the membrane of the brain: see Zohar Bereishis 15a; and see Eitz Chaim, Sha'ar ha-Tzimtzum. ## Segment 11
שמעת שהוא שם מ״ה .והנה ד׳אותיות יש עקריות בשם זה שסודם
2 On the nine Heichalos as root of Atzilus: see Zohar Pekudei 259b; and Kla"ch Petach 136. ## Segment 12
אהב״ה ,והם יאא״א .ובי״ב שנים הראשונים היו נמשכין הג׳אלפץ,
3 On Mati ve-lo mati: see Kla"ch Pataich 93–94; Pischei Chochma ve-Da'as §9 (Sha'arei Ramchal p. 144). ## Segment 13
שסודם שלשה אהי׳׳ה או שלשה אדנ״י ,לנגד י״ב צירופי הוי״ה ב׳׳ה,
4 On the 42 Zivugim = the seven Names in the Heichalos with 42 letters: see Kitzur ha-Kavanos p. 162; and Sha'ar ha-Zivugim. ## Segment 14
והם סוד י׳׳ב שבטים כידוע .אך בשנה הי׳׳ג ,בי״ב חדשים נמשכה
5 On Bereishis = Bra Shis: Zohar Bereishis 3b. On the seven Voices: Zohar 2:25b (parashas Va'era). ## Segment 15
היו׳׳ד ,שהיא לבדה מקבלת לכל הי״ב הראשונים .וסודה ג׳יודין בסוד
6 On the Eight Edomite Kings = eight stages of Breaking and Tikkun: see Eitz Chaim, Sha'ar ha-Shvirah; and Maamar Sod ha-Yichud (Ginzei Ramchal p. 270). ## Segment 16
ג׳קוצץ ,והם סוד ג׳הויו״ת .ובהיותם סוד היחוד ,על כן נכללין בי׳אחת.
7 On the Vavs = garments of AK contracting to threads: see Eitz Chaim, Sha'ar ha-Klalim §3; and Kla"ch Petach 29 (p. 87). ## Segment 17
וכן הם חדשים לבד הנכללים בשנה א׳ ,והבן היטב.
8 On Mashiach as the folding Vav: see Da'as Tevunos Part 2 (Ginzei Ramchal p. 48); Maamar Sod Demut ha-Adam (Ginzei Ramchal p. 263). ## Segment 18
והנה בתחלה נתקן כל זזעולם על ידיהם ודאי ,בסוד התיקונים שאמרתי
9 On the Simchas Torah = flaming of the 231 gates: see Tamid 32b; and Kla"ch Petach 52. ## Segment 19
של הקב חרובץ ,אך עדיין לא נתיישבו בעולם .דהיינו כי תחת שעד אותו
10 On Tzedek + YaK = Hadar: Sha'arei Ramchal p. 386. And see Kla"ch Petach 58 on Malchus as Yesod.