# Shame

<div dir="rtl">בּוּשָׁה</div>

Source: https://ajew.org/reader/sefer-hamidos/1/11


## Segment 1

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מִי שֶׁמְּבַיֵּשׁ פְּנֵי חֲבֵרוֹ, נִתְאַלֵּם וְשׁוֹכֵחַ.

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1. One who humiliates his friend becomes mute and forgets .


## Segment 2

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מֻתָּר לְבַיֵּשׁ אֶת הָרַבָּנִים, שֶׁשּׂוֹכְרִין אֶת הָרַבָּנוּת לְשֵׁם גַּאֲוָה, וְרָאוּי לְבַזּוֹתָן וּלְהָקֵל בִּכְבוֹדָן, וְאֵין עוֹמְדִין בִּפְנֵיהֶם, וְאֵין קוֹרִין אוֹתָן רַבִּי, וְהַטַּלִּית שֶׁעָלָיו כְּמַרְדַּעַת שֶׁל חֲמוֹר.

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2. It is permitted to embarrass the rabbis who lease the rabbinate for the sake of conceit, and it is appropriate to disgrace them, and to make light of their honor, and one should not stand for them, and they should not be called "Rabbi", and the prayer shawl on them is like a mule's saddle.


## Segment 3

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טוֹב לְבַטֵּל תּוֹרָה מִלְּבַיֵּשׁ בֶּן יִשְׂרָאֵל.

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3. It is better to annul one's Torah study than to humiliate a Jew.


## Segment 4

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הַמְבַזֶּה תַּלְמִיד־חָכָם אוֹ חֲבֵרוֹ בִּפְנֵי תַּלְמִיד־חָכָם הֲוֵי אֶפִּיקוֹרוֹס, גַּם נִקְרָא מְגַלֶּה פָּנִים בַּתּוֹרָה.

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4. One who humiliates a Torah scholar, or one's friend in front of a Torah scholar, is an 'apikohrus' [apostate]. He is also called one who is brazen faced against the Torah.


## Segment 5

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כֻּתֹּנֶת שֶׁל צַדִּיקִים מְכַפֶּרֶת עַל שְׁפִיכוּת־דָּמִים.

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5. The garment of a righteous man atones for the spilling of blood.


## Segment 6

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כְּשֶׁבְּנֵי־אָדָם מְחָרְפִין אוֹתְךָ, תִּתְעַנֶּה וְתִבְכֶּה.

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6. When people insult you, fast and weep.


## Segment 7

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כְּשֶׁבּוּשָׁה בָּא עָלֶיךָ, אֵין זֶה אֶלָּא בִּשְׁבִיל שֶׁתַּעֲשֶׂה תְּשׁוּבָה עַל הָעֲווֹנוֹת, שֶׁאַתָּה דָּשׁ בָּעָקֵב.

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7. When shame comes to you, it is only that you should repent for the sins that you commit carelessly.


## Segment 8

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גַּם בּוּשָׁה בָּא, כְּשֶׁאַתָּה מְשַׂמֵּחַ בְּצָרַת חֲבֵרֶיךָ.

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8. Also, shame comes when you rejoice in the pain of your friend.


## Segment 9

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מִי שֶׁנִּצְרָךְ לִלְווֹת עַל הַמַּשְׁכּוֹן, בְּיָדוּעַ שֶׁאֵלּוּ הַדְּבָרִים הַמְמֻשְׁכָּנִים הָיוּ נִבְזִים בְּעֵינָיו בְּגִלְגּוּל אַחֵר.

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10. Someone who needs to give over a collateral to procure a loan, it is certain that these items which were pledged were contemptible in his eyes in another life.


## Segment 10

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כְּשֶׁבָּא עַל אָדָם אֵיזֶה בּוּשָׁה, יְצַפֶּה לִישׁוּעָה.

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11. When some shame comes upon a person, he should expect a salvation.


## Segment 11

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מִי שֶׁרוֹצֶה לְהִתְבַּיֵּשׁ, יְצַיֵּר דְּמוּת שֶׁל אִמּוֹ.

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12. One who wants to be shamed (t.n. or feel ashamed) should envision the image of his mother.


## Segment 12

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עַל־יְדֵי צְדָקָה לְשֵׁם שָׁמַיִם תָּבֹא לְמִדַּת בּוּשָׁה.

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13. Through giving charity for the sake of Heaven, you will come to the trait of abashment.


## Segment 13

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כְּשֶׁבָּא עַל אָדָם אֵיזֶה בּוּשָׁה, בְּיָדוּעַ שֶׁאֵין לוֹ בִּטָּחוֹן.

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14. When shame comes upon a person, it is certain that he does not have the quality of trust (in G-d).


## Segment 14

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מִי שֶׁכּוֹרֶה בּוֹר, סוֹף שֶׁבָּא לִידֵי אֵיזֶה בִּזָּיוֹן, וְלִפְעָמִים הַדָּבָר גּוֹרֵם שֶׁנַּעֲשָׂה שִׂיחָה בְּפִי בְּנֵי־אָדָם.

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15. One who digs a pit, in the end he will be shamed (to whatever degree), and sometimes the matter causes him to become the subject of gossip among people.


## Segment 15

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עַל־יְדֵי בִּטָּחוֹן לֹא יָבוֹא עָלָיו בּוּשָׁה.

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16. Through having trust (in G-d), shame will not come upon him.


## Segment 16

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מִי שֶׁגּוֹזֵל אֶת הֶעָנִי, בּוּשָׁה בָּאָה עָלָיו.

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17. One who steals from the poor, shame comes upon him.


## Segment 17

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כְּשֶׁאָדָם מְחָרֵף וּמְבַיֵּשׁ אוֹתְךָ, וְהוּא אֵינוֹ אוֹיֵב לְךָ, תִּשָּׂא וְתִסְבֹּל אֶת הַבּוּשָׁה, כִּי זֶה מִן הַשָּׁמַיִם שֶׁיְּחָרֵף אוֹתְךָ. וּבְזֶה הַבִּזָּיוֹן תִּהְיֶה נִסְתָּר וְנֶחְבָּא מִן הַשָּׂטָן, שֶׁהוּא שׂוֹנֵא אוֹתְךָ וְהוּא מַגְדִּיל אֶת עַצְמוֹ תָּמִיד עָלֶיךָ וּמְקַטְרֵג עָלֶיךָ, וְעַל־יְדֵי זֹאת הַבּוּשָׁה שֶׁתִּסְבֹּל מִמִּי שֶׁאֵינוֹ אוֹיֵב לְךָ, עַל־יְדֵי זֶה לֹא יַגְדִּיל עָלֶיךָ הַשּׂוֹנֵא הַשָּׂטָן.

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18. When a person cusses and embarrasses you, and he is not your enemy, carry and bear the shame, for it is certainly from Heaven that he should berate you. And by this shame, you will be hidden and concealed from the satan, who hates you and is always overbearing upon you, and accusing you. Through this shame that you bear from one who is not your enemy, through this the enemy, the satan, will not be overbearing on you.


## Segment 18

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עַל־יְדֵי חֲנֻפָּה תִּהְיֶה בָּזוּי בֵּין הָאֻמּוֹת, וְהָאֻמּוֹת יְקַלְּלוּ אוֹתְךָ וְיִקְצְפוּ עָלֶיךָ.

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19. Through adulation, you will become an object of derision amongst the (gentile) nations, and the (gentile) nations will curse you and be enraged at you.


## Segment 19

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כְּשֶׁאֶחָד מְבַזֶּה אוֹתְךָ אוֹ שׂוֹחֵק מִמְּךָ, בְּיָדוּעַ שֶׁאַתָּה בִּיַּשְׁתָּ אֶת אֲבוֹתָיו.

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20. When someone humiliates you or laughs at you, it is certain that you humiliated his forefathers.


## Segment 20

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כְּשֶׁהַכֹּל מְבַזִּין אוֹתְךָ וְעוֹשִׂין לְךָ צַעַר, תִּדֹּם וְלֹא תֵצֵא מִפֶּתַח בֵּיתְךָ.

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21. When everyone is humiliating you and causing you pain, be silent and do not leave your house (lit. from the entrance of your house).


## Segment 21

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כְּשֶׁמְּבַיְּשִׁין אוֹתְךָ, תִּתֵּן צְדָקָה.

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22. When you are being humiliated, give charity.


## Segment 22

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עַל־יְדֵי צְדָקָה תִּזְכֶּה לְמִדַּת בּוּשָׁה.

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23. Through charity, you will merit to the quality of abashment.


## Segment 23

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בִּזְיוֹן הַמֶּלֶךְ, הַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא נִפְרָע, אֲפִלּוּ אֻמָּה שֶׁבִּזָּה מֶלֶךְ אַחֵר שֶׁלֹּא מֵאֻמָּתָהּ.

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24. Humiliation of a king: The Holy One Blessed be He punishes even a nation that humiliates a different king of a foreign nation.


## Segment 24

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הַחוֹטֵא יִתְבַּיֵּשׁ בָּעוֹלָם הַבָּא בִּפְנֵי רַבּוֹתָיו [אֲבוֹתָיו].

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25. A sinner will be humiliated in the World to Come before his teachers (/rabbis. alternate text: forefathers).


## Segment 25

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הַמְבַזֶּה תַּלְמִיד־חָכָם, אֵין לוֹ רְפוּאָה לְמַכָּתוֹ.

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26. One who humiliates a Torah scholar will have no healing for his wounds.


## Segment 26

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נָכוֹן כַּאֲשֶׁר יִשְׁמַע מֵרֵעֵהוּ דְּבַר כָּזָב אַל יִקְפֹּץ וִיבַיְּשֵׁהוּ, אֶלָּא יִרְמֹז לוֹ בִּתְנוּעָה, כְּדֵי שֶׁיַּכִּיר כִּי לֹא כֵן הוּא.

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27. It is proper that when hearing from a friend a falsehood not to jump and embarrass him, rather hint to him with a motion, so that he will recognize that it is not so.


## Segment 27

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מִצְוָה לְפַרְסֵם אֶת הָרְשָׁעִים.

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28. It is a Mitzvah to publicize evildoers.


## Segment 28

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הַמִּתְבַּיֵּשׁ לֹא בִּמְהֵרָה הוּא חוֹטֵא.

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29. One who is abashed will not readily sin.


## Segment 29

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מִי שֶׁאֵין לוֹ בּוּשָׁה, בְּיָדוּעַ שֶׁלֹּא עָמְדוּ רַגְלֵי אֲבוֹתָיו עַל הַר־סִינַי.

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30. One who does not have the quality of abashment, it is certain that his forefathers did not stand on Mount Sinai.


## Segment 30

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נֹחַ לוֹ לָאָדָם שֶׁיַּפִּיל עַצְמוֹ לְתוֹךְ כִּבְשַׁן הָאֵשׁ וְאַל יַלְבִּין פְּנֵי חֲבֵרוֹ בָּרַבִּים.

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31. It is better (lit. easier or more comfortable) for a man to throw himself into a fiery furnace so as not to humiliate his fellowman in public.


## Segment 31

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כְּשֶׁחֲבֵרְךָ מְבַיֶשְׁךָ, תּוֹדֶה לִדְבָרָיו.

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32. When your friend humiliates you, agree with his words.


## Segment 32

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הַמַּלְבִּין פְּנֵי חֲבֵרוֹ בָּרַבִּים, כְּאִלּוּ שׁוֹפֵךְ דָּמִים וְיוֹרֵד לְגֵיהִנּוֹם וְאֵינוֹ עוֹלֶה.

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33. One who embarrasses (lit. whitens – because when a person is embarrassed the blood rushes out of his face) his fellowman in public, it is as if he spilled blood, and he descends to Hell and will not rise.


## Segment 33

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נֹחַ לוֹ לָאָדָם שֶׁיָּבוֹא עַל סָפֵק אֵשֶׁת אִישׁ וְאַל יַלְבִּין פְּנֵי חֲבֵרוֹ בָּרַבִּים, וְאֵין לוֹ חֵלֶק לָעוֹלָם הַבָּא.

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34. It is better (lit. easier or more comfortable) for a man to have relations with a woman who might be married than to humiliate his fellowman.


## Segment 34

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אַל תְּבַיֵּשׁ עַם שֶׁאִתְּךָ בְּתוֹרָה וּמִצְווֹת, אֲבָל לְבַעַל־עֲבֵירָה מֻתָּר לְבַיְּשׁוֹ וּלְהוֹנוֹ בִּדְבָרִים.

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35. Do not embarrass one of the nation who is committed as you are to the Torah and Commandments. However, it is permitted to humiliate a sinner, and to verbally abuse him.


## Segment 35

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כָּל הַשְּׁעָרִים נִנְעֲלוּ חוּץ מִשַּׁעֲרֵי אוֹנָאָה.

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36. All the gates (t.n. of prayer) are closed, save the gate of one verbally abused.


## Segment 36

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הַכֹּל נִפְרָע בְּיַד שָׁלִיחַ חוּץ מֵאוֹנָאָה, וְאֵין הַפַּרְגֹד נִנְעָל בְּפָנָיו.

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37. All things are punished by a messenger, except for verbal abuse, and the Curtain is not locked before it .