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Reader Otzar HaYirah לֵיצָנוּת וְלָשׁוֹן הָרָע
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לֵיצָנוּת וְלָשׁוֹן הָרָע

Leitzanus v'Lashon HaRa (Mockery & Evil Speech)

אוצר היראה - Otzar HaYirah

1

עִקַּר פְּגַם לָשׁוֹן הָרָע הוּא, שֶׁמּוֹצֵא מוּם בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וּמְקַטְרֵג עָלָיו, וְעַל זֶה יוּכַל לְהַרְחִיקוֹ מִן הַקְּדֻשָּׁה. וְעַל־כֵּן הַחֵטְא גָּדוֹל מְאֹד, רַחֲמָנָא לִצְּלַן, כְּמַאֲמַר רַבּוֹתֵינוּ זַ"ל, כִּי הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ חָפֵץ חֶסֶד וְרוֹצֶה לְקָרֵב אֶת הַכֹּל, אֲפִלּוּ אֶת הַפּוֹשְׁעֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵל, וְלֹא לְרַחֵק. וְעַל־כֵּן קְטֹרֶת עִם חֶלְבְּנָה, שֶׁמְּרַמֵּז עַל צֵרוּף וְקִרְבַת הַפּוֹשְׁעֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵל, מְכַפֵּר עַל לָשׁוֹן הָרָע, כְּמַאֲמַר רַזַ"ל (הל' ק"ש ה"ב).

1

The essential flaw of lashon hara [evil speech] is that one finds a blemish in Israel and accuses him — and through this one can distance him from holiness. And therefore the sin is very great, G‑d spare us, as our Sages of blessed memory taught — for Hashem, may He be blessed, desires kindness and wants to draw everyone close — even the transgressors of Israel — and not to distance. And therefore the incense together with the chelbonah [chelbonah — galbanum; one of the eleven spices of the Temple incense; it has a foul smell on its own, yet when combined with the other spices it enhances the entire blend — the Sages derive from this that when one leads communal prayer or fasting, even sinners among Israel should be included] — which alludes to the joining and drawing close of the transgressors of Israel — atones for lashon hara, as our Sages of blessed memory taught .

2

עַל־יְדֵי לָשׁוֹן הָרָע שֶׁמְּדַבְּרִין עַל שׁוּם אֶחָד מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל, שֶׁעַל־יְדֵי־זֶה מְעוֹרְרִין עָלָיו קִטְרוּג ח"ו לְהַפְרִידוֹ מִבְּחִינַת נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה. בִּפְרָט כְּשֶׁמְּדַבְּרִין לָשׁוֹן הָרָע עַל הַצַּדִּיק וְהַנִּלְוִים אֵלָיו ח"ו, שֶׁעַל־יְדֵי־זֶה מַפְרִידִין בֵּין כְּלַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל, שֶׁהֵם בְּחִינַת נְקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה, וּבֵין הַצַּדִּיק, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה - עַל־כֵּן נִקְרָא "מַפְרִיד אַלּוּף", כִּי כְּלַל תְּמוּנַת אָלֶף הוּא נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה, שֶׁמִּתְחַבֶּרֶת עַל־יְדֵי הַוָּאו עִם הַנְּקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה, שֶׁזֶּה כְּלַל כָּל הַיִּחוּדִים כֻּלָּם. וְעַל־יְדֵי לָשׁוֹן הָרָע פּוֹגֵם בָּזֶה, וְעַל־כֵּן עָנְשׁוֹ גָּדוֹל מְאֹד, כְּמַאֲמַר רַזַ"ל (הל' שבת ה"ז, אות לב).

2

Through lashon hara spoken about any one of Israel — through which one arouses an accusation against him, G‑d forbid, to separate him from the upper point [n'kudah ha'elyonah — the supernal point; the upper Yud or Keter; the source of divine light from which the soul draws its sustenance] — especially when one speaks lashon hara about the Tzadik and those attached to him, G‑d forbid — through which one separates between the community of Israel — which is the aspect of the lower point [n'kudah hatachtonah — the lower point; the Yud of Malchus; the community of Israel in its connection to the divine source] — and the Tzadik — who is the aspect of the upper point — therefore it is called: "Mafrid aluf — separating the aluf" [Proverbs 16:28 — "a whisperer separates the aluf"; here interpreted Kabbalisticaly] — for the totality of the form of the letter Aleph is the upper point [Yud], which connects through the Vov with the lower point — and this is the totality of all the yichudim [divine unifications]. And through lashon hara one flaws this — and therefore its punishment is very great, as our Sages of blessed memory taught .

3

הַצַּדִּיקֵי־אֱמֶת שֶׁבְּכָל דּוֹר עוֹסְקִין לְהַכְנִיס אֱמוּנָה הַקְּדוֹשָׁה בָּעוֹלָם, וְכָל דִּבְרֵיהֶם הֵם רַק דִּבּוּרֵי אֱמוּנָה. וְאִם הָיוּ זוֹכִין יִשְׂרָאֵל לְהַרְבּוֹת בִּצְדָקָה וּגְמִילוּת־חֲסָדִים, שֶׁעַל־ יְדֵי־זֶה נַעֲשֶׂה אֲוִיר הַנָּח וְהַזַּךְ, אֲזַי הָיוּ נִשְׁמָעִים הַדִּבּוּרִים הַקְּדוֹשִׁים שֶׁל הַצַּדִּיקֵי־ אֱמֶת לְמֵרָחוֹק מְאֹד, עַד שֶׁכָּל עַמֵּי־הָאָרֶץ הָיוּ יוֹדְעִים כִּי ה' הוּא הָאֱלֹקִים, וְהָיָה נִתְרַבֶּה אֱמוּנָה בָּעוֹלָם, וְהָיוּ מִתְגַּיְּרִים גֵּרִים הַרְבֵּה. אַךְ לֹא דַי שֶׁנִּסְתַּלְּקוּ הַגּוֹמְלֵי־חֶסֶד, אַף גַּם נִתְרַבּוּ בַּעֲלֵי לָשׁוֹן הָרָע וּמַחֲלֹקֶת, שֶׁזֶּה בְּחִינַת רוּחַ־סְעָרָה, שֶׁמְּבַלְבֵּל הָאֲוִיר מְאֹד, עַד שֶׁאֵין נִשְׁמָעִים כְּלָל הַדִּבּוּרִים הַקְּדוֹשִׁים שֶׁל הַצַּדִּיקֵי־אֱמֶת, וְעַל־יְדֵי־זֶה הָעוֹלָם מְחֻסַּר אֱמוּנָה, חַס וְשָׁלוֹם. וְעַל זֶה צָעַק דָּוִד הַמֶּלֶךְ, עָלָיו הַשָּׁלוֹם: "הוֹשִׁיעָה ה' כִּי גָמַר חָסִיד כִּי פַסּוּ אֱמוּנִים מִבְּנֵי אָדָם", וְלֹא דַי בָּזֶה, אַף גַּם נִתְרַבּוּ בַּעֲלֵי לָשׁוֹן הָרָע, שֶׁעַל־יְדֵי־זֶה נִפְגֶּמֶת הָאֱמוּנָה מְאֹד כַּנַּ"ל, וְזֶה: "שָׁוְא יְדַבְּרוּ אִישׁ אֶת רֵעֵהוּ וְכוּ'". אַךְ סוֹף־כָּל־סוֹף יִגְמֹר הַשֵּׁם כִּרְצוֹנוֹ וְ"יַכְרֵת ה' כָּל שִׂפְתֵי חֲלָקוֹת" וְכוּ', וִיזַכֶּה אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל לְהַרְבּוֹת בִּצְדָקָה, שֶׁעַל־יְדֵי־זֶה יִתְגַּלּוּ וְיִתְעַלּוּ הָאֲמָרוֹת טְהוֹרוֹת שֶׁל הַצַּדִּיקֵי־אֱמֶת בְּכָל הָעוֹלָם, שֶׁזֶּה בְּחִינַת: "אֲמָרוֹת טְהֹרוֹת וְכוּ'", כַּמְבֹאָר בִּפְנִים (הלכות סימני בהמה וחיה הלכה ד, אות יג).

3

The true Tzadikim of every generation engage in bringing holy faith into the world — and all their words are nothing but words of faith. And if Israel would merit to multiply charity and acts of kindness — through which a calm and pure air would be made [the air of the world is understood here as a spiritual medium — when people perform acts of kindness and generosity, the spiritual atmosphere becomes clear and the words of the Tzadikim can travel through it] — then the holy words of the true Tzadikim would be heard from very far away — until all the peoples of the earth would know that Hashem is G‑d — and faith would multiply in the world — and many converts would convert. But not only did the givers of kindness diminish — there also multiplied the speakers of lashon hara and strife — which is the aspect of a stormy wind [ruach s'arah — stormy wind; the same term used in Ezekiel's vision of the chariot (Ezekiel 1:4), where it represents the first of the three completely impure husks; here applied to the destructive spiritual turbulence caused by evil speech and dispute] — which greatly disturbs the air — until the holy words of the true Tzadikim are not heard at all — and through this the world is lacking faith, G‑d forbid. And about this King David, peace be upon him, cried out: "Hoshi'ah Hashem ki gamar chasid, ki fassu emunim mibnei adam — Save, Hashem, for the pious one is gone; for the faithful have vanished from among men" — and not only this, but also speakers of lashon hara multiplied — through which faith is greatly flawed as above — and this: "Shav y'dabeiru ish es rei'ehu — They speak falsehood each to his fellow" . But in the end Hashem will accomplish according to His will — and "Yachres Hashem kol sifsei chalakos — Hashem will cut off all smooth lips" etc. — and He will cause Israel to merit multiplying charity — through which the pure sayings of the true Tzadikim will be revealed and elevated throughout the whole world — which is the aspect of: "Amaros t'horos — Pure sayings" etc. , as is explained within.

4

עַל־יְדֵי לָשׁוֹן הָרָע בָּאִים כָּל הַמַּחֲלוֹקוֹת, שֶׁמִּשָּׁם עִקַּר אֲחִיזַת הַיֵּצֶר הָרָע, שֶׁנֶּאֱחָז כְּשֶׁנַּעֲשֶׂה מַחֲלֹקֶת בֵּין הַשִּׁנּוּי דֵּעוֹת וְאֵינָם נִכְלָלִים בְּאֶחָד, אֲשֶׁר עַל־יְדֵי־זֶה עִקַּר אֲרִיכַת הַגָּלוּת. וְעִקַּר הַגְּאֻלָּה תִּהְיֶה עַל־יְדֵי שָׁלוֹם (הל' ריבית ה"ה, אות ז).

4

Through lashon hara come all disputes — from which is the essential grip of the evil inclination — which takes hold when dispute is created through differing opinions that are not encompassed in one. And through this is the essential prolonging of the exile. And the essential redemption will come through peace.

5

עִקַּר פְּגַם לָשׁוֹן הָרָע וּרְכִילוּת, שֶׁנִּמְשָׁךְ עַל־יְדֵי הַשֶּׁקֶר, שֶׁמֵּהֶם כָּל הַמַּחֲלֹקֶת וְהַפֵּרוּד, הוּא בִּבְחִינַת רַגְלַיִן, שֶׁמַּפְרִידִין הָרַגְלַיִן מֵהָרֹאשׁ, הַיְנוּ שֶׁעוֹשֶׂה פֵּרוּד בֵּין זֶה הָעוֹלָם, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת רַגְלַיִן, וּבֵין רֵאשִׁית נְקֻדַּת הַבְּרִיאָה, שֶׁעַל־יָדָהּ נִכְלָלִין בִּבְחִינַת קֹדֶם הַבְּרִיאָה. וְעַל־כֵּן נִתְקַלֵּל הַנָּחָשׁ בְּרַגְלָיו, וְאָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ זַ"ל: שֶׁקֶר אֵין לוֹ רַגְלַיִם, הַיְנוּ כַּנַּ"ל (שם אות יד).

5

The essential flaw of lashon hara and r'chilus [r'chilus — tale-bearing; carrying words from one person to another to cause strife, even if the words themselves are true] — which is drawn through falsehood — from which come all dispute and separation — is in the aspect of the feet [raglayim — feet; in Kabbalistic anatomy, the feet represent the lowest extremity, the aspect of this world, that which is furthest from the head/beginning] — which separate the feet from the head — meaning: it makes a separation between this world — which is the aspect of feet — and the beginning-point of creation [reishis n'kudas hab'riyah — the primordial point, the first point of creation; the divine beginning-point through which everything is encompassed in the aspect of before creation — unity] — through which everything is encompassed in the aspect of before the creation. And therefore the serpent was cursed through its feet []. And our Sages of blessed memory taught: "Sheker ein lo raglayim — Falsehood has no feet" — meaning: as above.

6

עִקַּר הַלֵּיצָנוּת הוּא מֵחֲמַת גַּסּוּת הָרוּחַ, שֶׁהוּא גְבַהּשׂלֵב וְגָדוֹל בְּעֵינֵי עַצְמוֹ, עַד שֶׁכָּל בְּנֵי הָעוֹלָם הֵם כְּלֹא בְּעֵינָיו, וּמִתְלוֹצֵץ מִכָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד, כַּאֲשֶׁר נִמְצָא הַנֶּגַע הָרָעָה הַזֹּאת בְּכַמָּה בְּנֵי־אָדָם שֶׁמִּתְלוֹצְצִים מִכָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד, בִּפְרָט מִירֵאִים וּכְשֵׁרִים, וּמוֹצְאִין מוּמִין וְחֶסְרוֹנוֹת בְּכָל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד, וְכָל זֶה מֵחֲמַת גַּסּוּתוֹ, שֶׁנִּדְמֶה לוֹ שֶׁאֵין חָכָם מִמֶּנּוּ, וְכָל הָעוֹלָם צָרִיךְ לִלְמֹד מִמֶּנּוּ וּלְהִתְנַהֵג כְּפִי חִיּוּב דַּעְתּוֹ. וְאֵלּוּ הַלֵּצִים מִתְגַּבְּרִים בְּלֵיצָנוּתָם עַד שֶׁמַּחֲלִישִׁים דַּעַת שֶׁל כַּמָּה כְּשֵׁרִים, וּמַפִּילִים אוֹתָם מֵעֲבוֹדָתָם עַל־יְדֵי לֵיצָנוּתָם הָרָע, רַחֲמָנָא לִצְּלַן, וְכָל זֶה בָּא מֵחֲמַת גַּסּוּתָם הָרָעָה. וְעַל־כֵּן נִקְרָא הַלֵּיצָנוּת תּוֹעֵבָה, כְּמוֹ הַגֵּאוּת וְהַגַּבְהוּת, שֶׁנִּקְרָא גַם־כֵּן תּוֹעֵבָה. וְזֶה בְּחִינַת: "אִם לַלֵּצִים הוּא יָלִיץ, וְלַעֲנָוִים יִתֶּן חֵן", כִּי הֵפֶךְ הַלֵּיצָנוּת הוּא עֲנָוָה (הל' ס"ת הלכה ג, אות ג).

6

The essential root of scoffing [leitzanus] comes from arrogance — which is haughtiness of heart and being great in one's own eyes [printing artifact: g'vah [arrogance] appears as גֶּבַהשׂלֵב in the source — the שׂ is a printing artifact intruded into gavahs leiv [haughtiness of heart] — rendered correctly] — to the point that all people in the world are as nothing in his eyes — and he scoffs at each and every one — as this evil affliction is found in many people who scoff at each and every one — especially at the awe-fearing and the upright — finding blemishes and deficiencies in every person. And all of this comes from his arrogance — for it seems to him that there is no one wiser than himself — and the entire world needs to learn from him and conduct itself according to the obligation of his opinion. And these scorners intensify in their scoffing until they weaken the minds of many upright people and bring them down from their service through their evil scoffing, G‑d spare us — and all of this comes from their evil arrogance. And therefore scoffing is called an abomination — like arrogance and haughtiness, which are also called abomination. And this is the aspect of: "Im laletzim hu yalitz, v'la'anavim yitein chein — If it concerns the scorners, He scorns them; but to the humble He gives grace" — for the opposite of scoffing is humility.

7

מוֹצִיא דִבָּה הוּא בַּעַל־מוּם, כִּי כָל הַפּוֹסֵל בְּמוּמוֹ פּוֹסֵל (הל' בכור בהמה טהורה ה"ב, אות ג). [אָמַר הַמַּעְתִּיק: שָׁמַעְתִּי מִשֵּׁם בַּעַל הַמְחַבֵּר סֵפֶר 'לִקּוּטֵי־הֲלָכוֹת' זַ"ל שֶׁאָמַר בְּעַל־פֶּה, שֶׁעִקַּר הַטֻּמְאָה וּפֶתַח הַטֻּמְאָה הוּא לֵיצָנוּת, וְאַסְמְכֵהּ אַדִּבְרֵי רַבּוֹתֵינוּ זַ"ל שֶׁאָמְרוּ (במס' יומא לח, ב): הַבָּא לִטַּמֵּא פּוֹתְחִין לוֹ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: "אִם לַלֵּצִים הוּא יָלִיץ" וְכוּ', הַשֵּׁם יַצִּילֵנוּ].

7

One who spreads slander [motzi dibah — one who spreads an evil report; from the verse in Numbers 13:32 — the spies who brought back a "slanderous report" of the Land] is himself a person with a blemish [ba'al mum — one who has a physical or spiritual blemish; the Talmudic principle: "All who declare others unfit, declare [them unfit] through their own blemish" (Kiddushin 70a)] — for "kol haposseil b'mumo posseil — all who declare others unfit, do so through their own blemish" . The scribe wrote: I heard in the name of the author of the book Likutay Halachos, of blessed memory, that he said orally — that the essential impurity and the gateway to impurity is leitzanus [scoffing] — and he grounded it in the words of our Sages of blessed memory who said (in tractate Yoma 38b): "One who comes to become impure — they open [the way] for him" — as it is said: "Im laletzim hu yalitz — If it concerns the scorners, He scorns them" etc. May Hashem save us. ✦ End of Chapter: Leitzanus v'Lashon HaRa ✦ The next chapter is Limmud Tinokos Shel Beis Rabban · לִמּוּד תִּינוֹקוֹת שֶׁל בֵּית רַבָּן The Study of Young Children Na Nach Nachma Nachman MayUman May these words be a merit for all of Klal Yisroel.

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